Document Type : Short Communication

Authors

1 Lecturer, Department of Clinical Pharmacy Girls Section, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University Alkharj, Saudia Arabia

2 Research Scholar, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India

3 Research officer, Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India

10.22034/ajcb.2021.295567.1088

Abstract

Curcumin is a polyphenol derived from the Curcuma longa plant (diferuloylmethane). For thousands of years it has been employed in Ayurvedic medicine for a range of therapeutic features, including relief of pain, reactive oxygen activity, inflammatory prevention and antibacterial qualities. Curcumin activity is displayed in the cell through a clustering of signaling pathways at different stages. Curcumin's anticancer capabilities have recently been examined in a number of ways, including expression of cancer gene, cancer spread, cell cycle control and regulation, scheduled death of cells and malignancy development. Curcumin's enormous promise as a cancer treatment has been demonstrated in all of such studies. It has many applications in the fight against cardiovascular, reactive oxygen, microbial and fungal diseases. Curcumin nano-formulations are also investigated for its impact on cancer and therapeutic advantages. The current review summarizes the investigations done as well as data supporting the pharmacological activity of curcumin.

Graphical Abstract

Curcumin – A promising phytocompound of immense potential

Keywords

Main Subjects

[1] K.I. Priyadarsini, The chemistry of curcumin: from extraction to therapeutic agent. Molecules,  19 (2014)  20091-20112.
[2] M. Akram, A.A. Shahab-Uddin, K. Usmanghani, A. Hannan, E. Mohiuddin and M. Asif, Curcuma longa and curcumin: a review article. Rom J Biol Plant Biol,  55 (2010)  65-70.
[3] H. Rachmawati, D. Safitri, A.T. Pradana and I.K. Adnyana, TPGS-stabilized curcumin nanoparticles exhibit superior effect on carrageenan-induced inflammation in wistar rat. Pharmaceutics,  8 (2016)  24.
[4] C. Schneider, O.N. Gordon, R.L. Edwards and P.B. Luis, Degradation of curcumin: from mechanism to biological implications. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry,  63 (2015)  7606-7614.
[5] R. Sharma, A. Gescher and W. Steward, Curcumin: the story so far. European journal of cancer,  41 (2005)  1955-1968.
[6] M. Maqbool, M.A. Dar, I. Gani, S.A. Mir and M. Khan, Herbal medicines as an alternative source of therapy: a review. World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences,  3 (2019)  374-380.
[7] H. Qureshi, S. Asif, H. Ahmed, H.A. Al-Kahtani and K. Hayat, Chemical composition and medicinal significance of Fagonia cretica: a review. Natural product research,  30 (2016)  625-639.
[8] G. Grynkiewicz and P. Ślifirski, Curcumin and curcuminoids in quest for medicinal status. Acta Biochimica Polonica,  59 (2012) 
[9] K. Indira Priyadarsini, Chemical and structural features influencing the biological activity of curcumin. Current pharmaceutical design,  19 (2013)  2093-2100.
[10] A. Duvoix, R. Blasius, S. Delhalle, M. Schnekenburger, F. Morceau, E. Henry, M. Dicato and M. Diederich, Chemopreventive and therapeutic effects of curcumin. Cancer letters,  223 (2005)  181-190.
[11] C.-H. Hsu and A.-L. Cheng, Clinical studies with curcumin. The molecular targets and therapeutic uses of curcumin in health and disease, (2007)  471-480.
[12] H.H. Tønnesen and J. Karlsen, Studies on curcumin and curcuminoids. Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und Forschung,  180 (1985)  402-404.
[13] M. Maqbool, I. Gani and M.A. Dar, Anti-diabetic effects of some medicinal plants in experimental animals: a review. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development,  7 (2019)  66-69.
[14] J.S. Jurenka, Anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin, a major constituent of Curcuma longa: a review of preclinical and clinical research. Alternative medicine review,  14 (2009) 
[15] A.K. Slavova-Kazakova, S.E. Angelova, T.L. Veprintsev, P. Denev, D. Fabbri, M.A. Dettori, M. Kratchanova, V.V. Naumov, A.V. Trofimov and R.F. Vasil’ev, Antioxidant potential of curcumin-related compounds studied by chemiluminescence kinetics, chain-breaking efficiencies, scavenging activity (ORAC) and DFT calculations. Beilstein journal of organic chemistry,  11 (2015)  1398-1411.
[16] S. Prasad, A.K. Tyagi and B.B. Aggarwal, Recent developments in delivery, bioavailability, absorption and metabolism of curcumin: the golden pigment from golden spice. Cancer research and treatment: official journal of Korean Cancer Association,  46 (2014)  2.
[17] A. Siviero, E. Gallo, V. Maggini, L. Gori, A. Mugelli, F. Firenzuoli and A. Vannacci, Curcumin, a golden spice with a low bioavailability. Journal of Herbal Medicine,  5 (2015)  57-70.
[18] J.-K. Lin, Molecular targets of curcumin. The molecular targets and therapeutic uses of curcumin in health and disease, (2007)  227-243.
[19] D.J. Newman and G.M. Cragg, Natural products as sources of new drugs over the 30 years from 1981 to 2010. Journal of natural products,  75 (2012)  311-335.
[20] S. Nobili, D. Lippi, E. Witort, M. Donnini, L. Bausi, E. Mini and S. Capaccioli, Natural compounds for cancer treatment and prevention. Pharmacological research,  59 (2009)  365-378.
[21] J. Oh, L. Hlatky, Y.-S. Jeong and D. Kim, Therapeutic effectiveness of anticancer phytochemicals on cancer stem cells. Toxins,  8 (2016)  199.
[22] C.J.D. Osterman, A. Gonda, T. Stiff, U. Sigaran, M.M.A. Valenzuela, H.R.F. Bennit, R.B. Moyron, S. Khan and N.R. Wall, Curcumin induces pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell death via reduction of the inhibitors of apoptosis. Pancreas,  45 (2016)  101.
[23] Y. Zhang, Y.-b. Xue, H. Li, D. Qiu, Z.-w. Wang and S.-s. Tan, Inhibition of cell survival by curcumin is associated with downregulation of cell division cycle 20 (Cdc20) in pancreatic cancer cells. Nutrients,  9 (2017)  109.
[24] S. Rasool and M. Maqbool, An overview about Hedychium spicatum: A review. Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics,  9 (2019)  476-480.
[25] V. D Kancheva and O. T Kasaikina, Bio-antioxidants–a chemical base of their antioxidant activity and beneficial effect on human health. Current medicinal chemistry,  20 (2013)  4784-4805.
[26] A. Marchiani, C. Rozzo, A. Fadda, G. Delogu and P. Ruzza, Curcumin and curcumin-like molecules: from spice to drugs. Current medicinal chemistry,  21 (2014)  204-222.
[27] R. Motterlini, R. Foresti, R. Bassi and C.J. Green, Curcumin, an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent, induces heme oxygenase-1 and protects endothelial cells against oxidative stress. Free Radical Biology and Medicine,  28 (2000)  1303-1312.
[28] S. Shome, A.D. Talukdar, M.D. Choudhury, M.K. Bhattacharya and H. Upadhyaya, Curcumin as potential therapeutic natural product: a nanobiotechnological perspective. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology,  68 (2016)  1481-1500.
[29] S. Jelveh, P. Kaspler, N. Bhogal, J. Mahmood, P.E. Lindsay, P. Okunieff, S.R. Doctrow, R.G. Bristow and R.P. Hill, Investigations of antioxidant-mediated protection and mitigation of radiation-induced DNA damage and lipid peroxidation in murine skin. International journal of radiation biology,  89 (2013)  618-627.
[30] Y. Xie, Q.Y. Zhao, H.Y. Li, X. Zhou, Y. Liu and H. Zhang, Curcumin ameliorates cognitive deficits heavy ion irradiation-induced learning and memory deficits through enhancing of Nrf2 antioxidant signaling pathways. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior,  126 (2014)  181-186.
[31] G.C. Jagetia and G.K. Rajanikant, Curcumin stimulates the antioxidant mechanisms in mouse skin exposed to fractionated γ-irradiation. Antioxidants,  4 (2015)  25-41.
[32] N. Nonose, J.A. Pereira, P.R.M. Machado, M.R. Rodrigues, D.T. Sato and C.A.R. Martinez, Oral administration of curcumin (Curcuma longa) can attenuate the neutrophil inflammatory response in zymosan-induced arthritis in rats1. Acta cirurgica brasileira,  29 (2014)  727-734.
[33] B.B. Aggarwal and B. Sung, Pharmacological basis for the role of curcumin in chronic diseases: an age-old spice with modern targets. Trends in pharmacological sciences,  30 (2009)  85-94.
[34] K.M. Nelson, J.L. Dahlin, J. Bisson, J. Graham, G.F. Pauli and M.A. Walters, The essential medicinal chemistry of curcumin: miniperspective. Journal of medicinal chemistry,  60 (2017)  1620-1637.
[35] M. Purpura, R.P. Lowery, J.M. Wilson, H. Mannan, G. Münch and V. Razmovski-Naumovski, Analysis of different innovative formulations of curcumin for improved relative oral bioavailability in human subjects. European journal of nutrition,  57 (2018)  929-938.
[36] R. Mattera, M. Benvenuto, M.G. Giganti, I. Tresoldi, F.R. Pluchinotta, S. Bergante, G. Tettamanti, L. Masuelli, V. Manzari and A. Modesti, Effects of polyphenols on oxidative stress-mediated injury in cardiomyocytes. Nutrients,  9 (2017)  523.
[37] P. Xu, Y. Yao, P. Guo, T. Wang, B. Yang and Z. Zhang, Curcumin protects rat heart mitochondria against anoxia–reoxygenation induced oxidative injury. Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology,  91 (2013)  715-723.
[38] W. Yu, W. Zha, Z. Ke, Q. Min, C. Li, H. Sun and C. Liu, Curcumin protects neonatal rat cardiomyocytes against high glucose-induced apoptosis via PI3K/Akt signalling pathway. Journal of diabetes research,  2016 (2016) 
[39] P. Basnet and N. Skalko-Basnet, Curcumin: an anti-inflammatory molecule from a curry spice on the path to cancer treatment. Molecules,  16 (2011)  4567-4598.
[40] B.T. Kurien and R.H. Scofield, Curcumin/turmeric solubilized in sodium hydroxide inhibits HNE protein modification—an in vitro study. Journal of ethnopharmacology,  110 (2007)  368-373.
[41] N. Suwannateep, W. Banlunara, S.P. Wanichwecharungruang, K. Chiablaem, K. Lirdprapamongkol and J. Svasti, Mucoadhesive curcumin nanospheres: biological activity, adhesion to stomach mucosa and release of curcumin into the circulation. Journal of controlled release,  151 (2011)  176-182.
[42] H. Rachmawati, L. Al Shaal, R.H. Müller and C.M. Keck, Development of curcumin nanocrystal: physical aspects. Journal of pharmaceutical sciences,  102 (2013)  204-214.
[43] E. Sheikh, M. Bhatt and M. Tripathi, Role of nano-curcumin: A treatment for cancer. Journal of Medicinal Plants,  5 (2017)  394-397.
[44] M.M. Yallapu, M. Jaggi and S.C. Chauhan, Curcumin nanoformulations: a future nanomedicine for cancer. Drug discovery today,  17 (2012)  71-80.