Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Oilfield Produced Water and Sea Water at Gulf of Guinea Oilfield, Nigeria

Omokpariola, Jane Onomeda; Omokpariola, Daniel Omeodisemi; Omokpariola, Elshalom Chioma Onomeje

doi:10.22034/ajcb.2021.121909

Document Type : Original Research Article

Authors

¹ Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.

² Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Science, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.

³ Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

https://doi.org/10.22034/ajcb.2021.121909

Abstract

Physiochemical and health risk assessment was conducted on seawater and oilfield produced water collected at Gulf of Guinea Oilfield Location, Nigeria. Analytical parameters such as pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, salinity and total dissolved solids were determined, while polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and total petroleum was detected and evaluated concentration using gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GIC-FID). Baseline assessment showed that pH was basic (alkaline), conductivity, salinity, and total dissolved was low indicating less reactive ions, dissolved oxygen was okay across water sources. Concentration of PAHs and TPHs results showed that oilfield produced water was highest compared to seawater (seaboard and portside), which was low. Carbon preference index (CPI) conducted on TPHs showed that TPHs had phytoplankton and man-made induced contribution to chemical composition. Risk assessment conducted on PAHs showed that non-carcinogenic assessment was highest in causative impact compared to carcinogenic assessment, as inhalation exposure was a major contribution less than ingestion (oral) and dermal. Risk assessment conduced on aliphatic and aromatic TPHs showed that carcinogenic assessment had high impact via aromatic than aliphatic while non-carcinogenic assessment had high impact via aliphatic than aromatic. Exposure pathway from risk assessment of PAHs and TPHs showed that inhalation had high carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health impact compared to dermal and ingestion pathways. Specific care must be taken into consideration when working in an offshore environment as inhalation of these pollutants can cause respiratory and tumours related health issues over a prolong period from oilfield produced water compared to seawater portside and starboard.

Graphical Abstract

Highlights

Petroleum spills has caused tremendous environmental issues to biodiversity and humans.
These spills interact across all matrices leading chemical exposure to oil and gas workers in Nigeria.
Health risk modelling shows that prolonged exposure has detrimental health impacts
Regular medical test and monitoring health of workers will lead to timely diagnostics and treatment.

Keywords

20.1001.1.27169634.2021.3.1.7.5

Main Subjects

Engineering Chemistry and Applied Chemistry

Full Text

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Advanced Journal of Chemistry, Section B: Natural Products and Medical Chemistry

Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Oilfield Produced Water and Sea Water at Gulf of Guinea Oilfield, Nigeria

Full Text

Full Text

References

References

Volume 3, Issue 1
January 2021
Pages 68-85

Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Oilfield Produced Water and Sea Water at Gulf of Guinea Oilfield, Nigeria

Full Text

Full Text

References

References

Volume 3, Issue 1January 2021Pages 68-85

Volume 3, Issue 1
January 2021
Pages 68-85