Sami Publishing Company
Advanced Journal of Chemistry, Section B: Natural Products and Medical Chemistry
2716-9634
3
4
2021
12
01
A Highly Sensitive Colorimetric Determination of Paraquat by Silver Nanoparticles
311
322
EN
Neda
koohzadi
Department of Chemistry, Ilam branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran
n.koohzadi@gmail.com
Zeinab
Rezayati Zad
0000-0003-3113-2147
Department of Food and Drug, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
zeinabchemrad61@gmail.com
10.22034/ajcb.2021.302596.1092
In this work, we describe a simple, selective and sensitive colorimetric method for the detection of Paraquat. In this approach, the synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) solution was stabilized by the citrate anions which repulsed and protected the AgNPs from aggregation. Paraquat was added to AgNPs solution and was incubated to react for 6 min. The resulting mixture color was changed. These processes were studied and characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy. Several parameters such as size and concentration of nanoparticles, reaction time and pH of medium that governed the analytical performance of the method have been studied in detail and optimized. Paraquat could be selectively detected in concentration range from 0.1to 0.02μM with a limit of detection as 0.01μM. Some common ions such Mg<sup>+2</sup>, Au<sup>+2</sup>, Cd<sup>+2</sup> and No<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> showed no interference in the determination of Paraquat.
Paraquat,Silver nanoparticle,Herbicide, Colorimetric spectroscopy
https://www.ajchem-b.com/article_136526.html
https://www.ajchem-b.com/article_136526_7e1a743e6f6dab2a9a4220dc164e222d.pdf
Sami Publishing Company
Advanced Journal of Chemistry, Section B: Natural Products and Medical Chemistry
2716-9634
3
4
2021
12
01
Computational study of the effectiveness of natural herbal derivatives on COVID-19 virus
323
332
EN
boubaker
hosouna
0000-0002-6040-976X
Chemistry Department - College of Science - Sebha University – Libya
bou.hosouna@sebhau.edu.ly
Hamed
M.A.
Malek
Physics Department - College of Science - Sebha University - Libya
Saieed Mohamed
A
Abdelsalam
Biotechnology Research Center - University of Tripoli - Libya
Z.D.
Ahwidy
Physics Department - College of Science - Sebha University - Libya
10.22034/ajcb.2021.305568.1094
In the present paper, an attempt has been made to study the COVID-19 virus that caused hundreds of thousands of deaths and instigated widespread fear, threatening the world’s most advanced health security. In 2020, natural herbal derivatives are among the drugs tested against the coronavirus pandemic and showed an apparent efficacy. In the present work, We report a systematic study of e-learning by chemical computing the natural herbs have been proposed as a potential antiviral for the treatment of COVID-19 diseases combining DFT and molecular docking calculations Molecular geometries, electronic properties, and molecular electrostatic potential were investigated by using software Hyperchem 08, where the internal energy of seasonal influenza virus and COVID-19 respectively, (-1678.045 kcal/mol) and (-3020 kcal/mol) to find that the difference in energy is twice for seasonal influenza, which makes the kinetic energy high for COVID-19 Which is attributable to the high temperature and headache for people with it, so that internal energy of the plants used as a temporary treatment (Thyme, Anise, Cinnamon, and Eugenol) respectively (4.056 kcal/mol, -47.40 kcal/mol, -53.83 kcal/mol, -218.84 kcal/mol) which is anise closest in internal energy of the virus COVID-19 so, remains incomplete, will be as a temporary protector as a reliever in case of infection.
COVID-19,seasonal influenza,Thyme, Anise,Cinnamon, and Eugenol,internal energy,Molecular Modeling,Computational chemistry
https://www.ajchem-b.com/article_140677.html
https://www.ajchem-b.com/article_140677_dffa54fc38802d48623dceb37c6f9dbc.pdf
Sami Publishing Company
Advanced Journal of Chemistry, Section B: Natural Products and Medical Chemistry
2716-9634
3
4
2021
12
16
Crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface, Energy framework, and Molecular docking analysis of 4-(methoxyphenyl)acetic acid
333
347
EN
Ruchika
Sharma
Chemical Crystallography Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Jammu, Jammu Tawi-180006, India.
ruchi18nik@gmail.com
Sumati
Anthal
Chemical Crystallography Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Jammu, Jammu Tawi-180006, India.
sumatianthal@gmail.com
Nitin
G
Ghatpande
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Health Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban-4041, South Africa.
nitin@rosslife.net
Mahidansha
M
Shaikh
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Health Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban-4041, South Africa.
shaiksm@ukzn.ac.za
Jagannath
S
Jadhav
Department of Chemistry, Shivaji University, Kolhapur-416004, M.S., India.
jadhavjs97@rediffmail.com
Saminathan
Murugavel
Department of Physics, Thanthai Periyar Government Institute of Technology, Vellore- 632002, Tamil Nadu, India.
smurugavel27@gmail.com
Sonachalam
Sundramoorthy
Department of Physics, Agni College of Technology OMR, Thalambur, Chennai-600130, Tamil Nadu, India.
sunphysics17@gmail.com
RAJNI
Kant
0000-0001-8043-2329
Chemical Crystallography Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Jammu, Jammu Tawi-180006, India.
rkant.ju@gmail.com
10.22034/ajcb.2021.307316.1097
The crystal structure of (4-methoxyphenyl) acetic acid (C<sub>9</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) exists in the monoclinic space group P2<sub>1</sub>/c having unit cell parameters: a = 16.268 (15), b = 5.858 (5), c = 9.157 (8) Å, β = 95.24 (2)°, and Z = 4. The structure has been solved by X-ray diffraction methods and it converges to a final reliability index of 0.0620 for 1117 observed reflections. Two intermolecular hydrogen bonds of the type C-H....O and O-H....O have been observed. The O-H....O hydrogen bond leads to the formation of a dimer with R<sub>2</sub><sup>2</sup> (8) graph set motif and it is found linked to another C-H....O intermolecular hydrogen bond. The molecule has been characterized for Hirshfeld surface, energy frameworks and molecular docking studies. The Hirshfeld surface (HS) analysis was performed for the identification of all the close contacts and their strength in the crystal structure. The energy frameworks were analyzed to examine the molecular stability and also to ascertain the dominant energy component. The molecular docking investigations lead to the finding that (4-methoxyphenyl)acetic acid may act as an active anti-microbial (antibacterial and antifungal) drug.
crystal structure,X-ray diffraction,Intermolecular Interactions,Hirshfeld surface,Molecular docking,Hydrogen bonding,Crystallography
https://www.ajchem-b.com/article_141864.html
https://www.ajchem-b.com/article_141864_9bbe1bed6885ed84997419af9808ac3c.pdf
Sami Publishing Company
Advanced Journal of Chemistry, Section B: Natural Products and Medical Chemistry
2716-9634
3
4
2021
12
01
Determination of Total Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity of Rosmarinus officinalis L. via Microwave-Assisted Extraction
348
360
EN
Emel
Akbaba
0000-0003-4915-5153
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Firat University, Elazig-Turkey
eakbaba@firat.edu.tr
Mehmet
Yaman
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Firat University, Elazig-Turkey
myaman@firat.edu.tr
10.22034/ajcb.2021.306163.1096
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Cambria','serif'; color: black;">Due to the toxicity of synthetic antioxidants, their application has been limited or even banned in certain countries. The extraction of phenolic compounds and flavonoids from plant matrices is carried out utilizing a variety of solvents. The aim of this study is to determine the antioxidant activity and total phenolic and flavonoid composition of <em>Rosmarinus officinalis </em>L., often referred to as rosemary. The study also examines the potential application of rosemary as a natural antioxidant in the food industry. The extraction technique in this study included maceration and microwave-assisted extraction. Maceration was chosen as the traditional extraction technique, while microwave-assisted extraction was used to reduce the extraction time and solvent volume. In both the traditional and microwave-assisted extraction methods, methanol was employed as a solvent. The total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids, antioxidant activity, metal chelating ability, and beta-carotene and lycopene levels of the samples were determined. TPC yielded 40 and 43 mg/g, TFC yielded 12.4 and 20 mg/g, FRAP yielded 37 and 49 mg/g, and MCC yielded 133 and 134 mg/g, respectively, for conventional and microwave-assisted extraction methods. In comparison to the conventional technique, the microwave-assisted extraction method resulted in greater quantities of bioactive compounds. Additionally, rosemary's beta-carotene and lycopene contents were determined to be 8652 and 7849 mg/g dried plant, respectively. Microwave-assisted extraction was found to be more successful, quicker, and less solvent-intensive than the conventional method. Additionally, rosemary is suggested in the food sector as a natural antioxidant instead of a synthetic antioxidant to prevent health-damaging consequences.</span>
Microwave-assisted extraction,Phenolic composition,Flavonoid content,Antioxidant effect,Rosemary
https://www.ajchem-b.com/article_142657.html
https://www.ajchem-b.com/article_142657_ea225fade3542796791105f822773b27.pdf
Sami Publishing Company
Advanced Journal of Chemistry, Section B: Natural Products and Medical Chemistry
2716-9634
3
4
2021
12
01
The Contents of some Macro and Trace Elements in Uniflora and Multiflora Honey Samples Collected from Three Regions in East Libya
361
374
EN
Nagwa H. S.
Ahmida
0000-0002-6721-4324
Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya
najwa.ahmida@uob.edu.ly
Najma H.
Towier
0009-0007-4794-2299
Chemistry Department, Art&amp; Science Faculty-Tokra, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya
najma.towier@uob.edu.ly
Seham
Shaboun
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya.
seham.shaboun@uob.edu.ly
Salwa
Y. S.
Rahil
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Art and Science-Tokra/University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya
slmslm198000@gmail.com
Aziza
Ahmida
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Benghazi, Libya
aziaelwarfally@yahoo.com
Randa.
S.
El-zwaeya
0009-0001-2570-1108
Environmental Health Department, Faculty of Public Health, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya.
randa.elzwaey@uob.edu.ly
Abdelkarem
A.
Elgazali
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Art and Science-Tokra/University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya.
abdelkarem.elgazali@uob.edu.ly
10.22034/ajcb.2021.316305.1099
Honey is used for nutritional, therapeutic and manufacturing purposes and it is a significant product in the global market. Honey is defending as a natural indicator of floral biodiversity and environmental quality. In this study, the levels of some macro and trace elements (main mineral contents) including numbers of heavy metalswere evaluated in honey samples from beekeepers in three different regions in east Libya including Benghazi, Maraj and Ajdabiya, during 2018.These samples include; uniflora and multiflora honey. The levels of ten elements were measured; sodium (Na), calcium (Ca), potassium (K),magnesium (Mg), zinc(Zn), iron(Fe), copper (Cu), aluminium (Al) and toxic elements; such as lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd), by using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS).The results showed, the ranges of macro minerals, Na, Ca, K and Mg varied from 10.93-32.30,39.14-298.5, 176.24-734.28 and 12.62-55.26mg/kg, respectively, and the ranges of trace and toxic elements, Zn, Fe, Cu, Al, Cd and Pb varied from 0.428-2.508, 0.248-0.720, 0.021-0.610, 0.009-0.0423, 0-0.011 and0-0.009 mg/kg, respectively. Also, the concentration of all elements was statistically significant difference within all samples (P<0.05), except Zn. The levels of macro and trace elements in the selected Libyan honey samples were variable, while Cd and Pb elements were detected in few honey samples and not detected in the rest. This study reveals that Libyan honeys were of high quality, rich in minerals and safe with trace elements present within permissible limits of the Libyan Standard Legislation.
Macro Element,trace elements,Flame atomic absorption spectrometry,uniflora honey,multiflora honey
https://www.ajchem-b.com/article_142677.html
https://www.ajchem-b.com/article_142677_58fd50e13e77b2a11b80b7882ead087c.pdf
Sami Publishing Company
Advanced Journal of Chemistry, Section B: Natural Products and Medical Chemistry
2716-9634
3
4
2021
12
01
Evaluation of Metal Composition of Cast Iron Disc Used in Local Grinding Machine
375
383
EN
Damilola
Christana
Petinrin
Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
damilola.petinrin@uky.edu
Adeyemi
S.
Adebisi
Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
adeyemiadebisi007@gmail.com
Olugbenga
O.
Oluwasina
Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
oooluwasina@futa.edu.ng
10.22034/ajcb.2021.302543.1095
The need to prevent metal-related sickness is the driving force for this research. The research evaluates the composition and concentration of metals present in cast iron grinding disc used for local grinding. Different acidic mixtures were used to digest the pulverized cast-iron disc, and atomic absorption spectrophotometric analysis revealed the presence of essential minerals such as iron, copper, zinc, manganese, and toxic metals like metals cadmium, chromium, lead, and nickel. The concentration of the metals varies in different ranges cadmium 0.73 to 3.44, chromium 0.88 to 6.80, lead 0.55 to 1.58, nickel 0.40 to 7.17, manganese 3.12 to 21.00, zinc 2.03 to 40.50, iron 1.93 to 49.16 and copper 3.00 to 26.92 all in mg/kg. The presence of heavy metals in the grinding disc could be a source of food contamination and possible potential health risks.
heavy metals,Cast iron,Grinders,Digestion,Acid
https://www.ajchem-b.com/article_142854.html
https://www.ajchem-b.com/article_142854_19051da30c5fc6e32bca8a07bc084272.pdf
Sami Publishing Company
Advanced Journal of Chemistry, Section B: Natural Products and Medical Chemistry
2716-9634
3
4
2021
12
01
Syntheses, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Some New (2E)-1-(4'-bromophenyl)-3-(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)prop-2-en-1-one Chalcones and their analogues
384
397
EN
Abdulrazaq
Tukur
0000-0002-1140-8453
Department of Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
abdulrazaqtukur@gmail.com
James
Dama Habila
Department of Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
hery234@yahoo.com
Rachael
Gbekele-Oluwa
Ayo
Department of Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
gbekeayo@yahoo.com
Ogunkemi
Risikat Agbeke
Iyun
Department of Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
ruggtrer@gmail.com
10.22034/ajcb.2021.320216.1103
Eight novel triphenylamine chalcones with different substitution patterns were successfully synthesized using the conventional Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction in basic medium at room temperature, and purified by recrystallization method using ethanol, the percentage yield of the compounds were between 30 – 92 %. The synthesis of the target chalcones involves a nucleophilic enolate attack on the electrophilic carbonyl carbon of 4-(Diphenylamino) benzaldehyde resulting in the formation of a new carbon-carbon bond. The triphenylamine chalcones were characterized by means of FT-IR and NMR spectroscopic analyses. The antimicrobial screening against different pathogens revealed that, all synthesized compounds showed marked activity against the tested microbe. (E)-3-(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)-1-(3'-nitrophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (1b) showed the highest zone of inhibition against Aspergillus niger, measuring 30 mm. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) results revealed that, (E)-1-(4'-bromophenyl)-3-(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (1a), (E)-3-(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)-1-(3'-nitrophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (1b), (E)-1-(4'-chlorophenyl)-3-(4-diphenylamino)phenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (1c), (E)-3-(4-diphenylamino)phenyl)-1-(4'-fluorophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (1d) and (E)-4-(3-(diphenylamino)phenyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methylbut-3-en-1-one (2d) had the lowest MIC and inhibit Aspergillus niger growth at 12.5 µg/ml. All the synthesized compounds showed an MBC/MFC effect against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger at 50 µg/ml.
Antibiotics,Condensation,Recrystallization,Acetophenone,propiophenone,Benzaldehyde
https://www.ajchem-b.com/article_142859.html
https://www.ajchem-b.com/article_142859_2fae43d86550876e13de5a626e8b9477.pdf